An extensive overview of the Human Rights Act 1998 (HRA), which incorporated the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) into UK domestic law, enabling citizens to enforce their rights in UK courts. The documents detail the three categories of rights under the ECHR—absolute, limited, and qualified—and list the specific articles, such as the right to life, prohibition of torture, freedom of expression, and the right to a fair trial. Furthermore, the sources explain the key sections of the HRA, including Section 2 (interpretation of Convention rights), Section 3 (interpreting legislation compatibly with the ECHR), and Section 4 (declaration of incompatibility), clarifying the powers and limitations of UK courts regarding incompatible legislation. Finally, the text explores how specific ECHR Articles have been defined and applied through European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) case law, illustrating the balance between individual rights and legitimate state interests like national security and public order.