Continuous gravitational wave emission from neutron stars with pinned superfluids in the core by Brynmor Haskell et al. on Wednesday 30 November

We investigate the effect of a pinned superfluid component on the

gravitational wave emission of a rotating neutron star. Pinning of superfluid

vortices to the flux-tubes in the outer core (where the protons are likely to

form a type-II superconductor) is a possible mechanism to sustain long-lived

and non-axisymmetric neutron currents in the interior, that break the axial

symmetry of the unperturbed hydrostatic configuration. We consider

pinning-induced perturbations to a stationary corotating configuration, and

determine upper limits on the strength of gravitational wave emission due to

the pinning of vortices with a strong toroidal magnetic field of the kind

predicted by recent magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of neutron star interiors.

We estimate the contributions to gravitational wave emission from both the mass

and current multipole generated by the pinned vorticity in the outer core, and

find that the mass quadrupole can be large enough for gravitational waves to

provide the dominant spindown torque in millisecond pulsars.

arXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/http://arxiv.org/abs/2211.15507v1