How are you feeling is a usual question we ask in conversation in English.  We are asking about your physical health. It is usually asked if someone appears to be in pain or not looking like they feel well. Usual answers include -I'm fine. I feel better. I am not so good. I have a headache. etc.

We usually answer by offering concern- Oh no! What's wrong? What's the matter? How can I help? etc.

Or we offer advice- Do you need acetaminophen? You should drink water. Why don't you sit down and rest. etc.