Coral reefs can still show living coral cover and yet be ecologically collapsing beneath the surface. In this episode, we break down new coast-to-coast reef assessments from Thailand that reveal a critical warning sign: reefs are losing structural complexity even when coral is still present.

Structural complexity, also known as rugosity, is what gives reefs their three-dimensional shape. That shape creates habitat for fish, supports predator-prey balance, fuels biodiversity, and protects coastlines from storms. New research published in Science and Nature Climate Change shows that repeated bleaching events and chronic stress are flattening reef architecture, reducing resilience and weakening ecosystem function long before coral disappears completely.

This episode explains why coral cover alone is no longer enough to measure reef health, what structural degradation means for fisheries and coastal communities, and how monitoring needs to evolve if we want real conservation progress.

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