Humans are very good at recognizing associations. It's hard wired into us. We do it all the time in our daily life and clinical trialists also have to do it in drug trials. The concept is easy. But it remains surprisingly difficult to separate one from the other. Fortunately for us, many lessons have been learned. In this episode, we use both medical and non-medical examples to discuss correlation vs. causation and to lay some groundwork for our future discussions of drug therapy.