In this conversation, Randy and Jeff continue to explore the Covenants in the Bible.  They focus on the Old and New Covenants.  They discuss the implications of the Old Covenant, which is conditional upon Israel's obedience, and contrast it with the New Covenant, which is unconditional and based solely on the sacrifice of Jesus Christ. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding these covenants to ensure proper biblical interpretation and to understand how God interacts with us as sons and daughters.  They discuss how the Old Covenant was made obsolete with the arrival of the New Covenant (Acts 2).   In fact, if you are a Gentile, they never applied to you in the first place!