The source offers an in-depth analysis of Henri Bergson's "Creative Evolution," a foundational text in his philosophy of life. It begins by situating Bergson historically, highlighting his diverse intellectual background as a philosopher, mathematician, and scientist, and his significant social and political influence in early 20th-century Europe and China. The text then contrasts Bergson's "creative evolution" with Darwin's theory, emphasizing Bergson's concept of "life impulse" as an active force driving species to overcome obstacles and differentiate, rather than passively adapt. It further distinguishes Bergson's view from Schopenhauer's single-line evolution, presenting Bergson's branching, multi-form evolutionary process driven by continuous differentiation. Finally, the source explores Bergson's crucial concept of "duration" (绵延), explaining it as an uninterrupted, ever-changing flow of time where the present moment accumulates and incorporates all past experiences, contrasting this with traditional linear time and Sartrean philosophy.