Means of guarding against deadly force attacks on churches can be summarized as the “Four Ds” Detect the Threat, Deter the Threat, Delay the Threat, Defeat the Threat. The second D is Deter the Threat. This involves risk assessment, facility assessment, and open resistance. Once a threat has been detected, the Safety Team, functioning as a security unit, begins to challenge the threat, aiming to defeat it.