論文原著：Mountaineering Tourism

中文摘要：

1993年5月，英國登山委員會（British Mountaineering Council）召開會議，討論高海拔觀光的未來發展。與會者關注的議題包括珠穆朗瑪峰上的登山人潮，有人引用登山家彼得・博德曼（Peter Boardman）的話，形容珠峰是「自我展現的競技場」。會議中也提到了環境與社會責任，以及規範以減少影響的必要性。

在之後的幾年中，攀登珠峰的熱潮急劇上升，2012年的某一天甚至有234位登山者成功登頂。登山觀光的參與程度早已超出20年前與會者的想像。

本書對登山觀光這一成長中的領域進行了全面且批判性的分析，探討其發展與管理相關的各項面向與議題。內容涵蓋了冒險的意義、以山區為主的冒險經驗、冒險體驗的傳遞，以及冒險學習與教育等主題。此外，本書也介紹了高山環境作為示範場域，並提出一般性管理框架，可作為登山觀光發展的基礎方法。

透過全球各地不同的登山觀光發展案例，本書展現了多樣化且獨特的管理策略、政策與實務。由多位不同學術領域的頂尖學者撰寫，本書將有助於學生、研究人員與學者深入理解登山觀光這項快速成長的冒險旅遊形式，在全球範圍內的旅遊管理與發展特點。

英文摘要：

In May 1993 the British Mountaineering Council met to discuss the future of high altitude tourism. Of concern to attendees were reports of queues on Everest and reference was made to mountaineer Peter Boardman calling Everest an ‘amphitheater of the ego’. Issues raised included environmental and social responsibility and regulations to minimize impacts. In the years that have followed there has been a surge of interest in climbing

Everest, with one day in 2012 seeing 234 climbers reach the summit. Participation in mountaineering tourism has surely escalated beyond the imagination of those who attended the meeting 20 years ago.

This book provides a critical and comprehensive analysis of all pertinent aspects and issues related to the development and the management of the growth area of mountaineering tourism. By doing so it explores the meaning of adventure and special reference to mountain-based adventure, the delivering of adventure experience, and adventure learning and education. It further introduces examples of settings (alpine environments) where a general management framework could be applied as a baseline approach in mountaineering tourism development. Along with this general management framework, the book draws evidence from case studies derived from various mountaineering tourism development contexts worldwide, to highlight the diversity and uniqueness of management

approaches, policies and practices.

Written by leading academics from a range of disciplinary backgrounds, this insightful book will provide students, researchers and academics with a better understanding of the unique aspects of tourism management and development of this growing form of adventure tourism across the world.