In this episode, we provide a thorough overview of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS), two critical diabetic emergencies. Drawing from the EMCrit Project’s expert content, we cover key topics including diagnosis, pathophysiology, and practical management strategies such as fluid resuscitation, electrolyte replacement, and insulin therapy. We also address complex situations like euglycemic DKA, DKA in patients on hemodialysis, and considerations for intubation. Additionally, we highlight important differences between DKA and HHS and common treatment pitfalls to avoid.