Lecture 4: Silence transformed: the third Reformation 1500-1700

The noisiness of

Protestantism, particularly exacerbated by the end of monasticism,

unsuccessfully countered in the Church of Zürich but transcended first among

radical Reformers (especially Caspar Schwenckfeld and Sebastian Franck) and a

century later by the Society of Friends. The difficulties of contemplatives in the Counter-Reformation, where

activism was the characteristic of the new foundations of Jesuits and

Ursulines, and the problems faced by such revivals as the Discalced

Carmelites. The troubles of Madame Guyon

and Quietists.