In 323 BC, Alexander the Great lay dying in Babylon after conquering much of the known world, but one question lingers, did he know about Rome?

This episode explores the surprising connections between east and west in the ancient Mediterranean, from Greek colonies in southern Italy to trade networks, embassies, and military campaigns that linked distant civilizations.

Drawing on ancient sources like Livy, Strabo, and Pliny the Elder, we examine whether Alexander had real knowledge of the rising Roman Republic or if later historians exaggerated the connection.

Along the way, we uncover the role of his uncle’s campaign in Italy, the geopolitical reality of Rome during Alexander’s lifetime, and the possibility of a westward campaign that might have changed history forever.

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