In their September 2010 Perspective article "Individual Expectation: An Overlooked, but Pertinent, Factor in the Treatment of Individuals Experiencing Musculoskeletal Pain," Joel Bialosky, PT, PhD, and colleagues argue that a patient's expectation of a treatment's effectiveness may influence the clinical outcome of that treatment. Frequently, however, physical therapists don't account for patient expectation during an episode of care. How much of the outcome is the result of expectation rather than the intervention? Is the outcome determined more by the process of care rather than any individual intervention? And how do clinician expectations affect clinical decision making? Can clinicians modify patient expectation and "use" expectations in selecting interventions? In this podcast. Bialosky is joined by Nadine Foster, BSc Hons (Physiotherapy), DPhil, PGCE, and moderator and PTJ Editorial Board Member Chris Main, PhD, FBPsS, to discuss the role of patient (and therapist) expectation in treatment outcomes.