Dr. Douglas Guilbeault, Assistant Professor of Organizational Behavior and Spence Faculty Scholar for the 2025–2026 academic year at Stanford Graduate School of Business, shares key insights from his research, “Blood Is Red, Math Is Blue: Does AI See Colors Like Me and You?”
Dr. Douglas Guilbeault’s study, “Blood Is Red, Math Is Blue: Does AI See Colors Like Me and You?”, investigates whether AI systems trained only on text can replicate the richly embodied color associations that shape human thought. Comparing people with normal color vision, colorblind individuals, painters, and large language models, the research shows that humans regardless of color vision differences share similar, embodied patterns of linking colors to concepts, while AI often diverges, especially for novel or nonsensical terms. The study reveals that AI develops its own internally consistent, synesthesia-like color mappings that differ from human experience, raising important questions about the limits of purely statistical learning and highlighting the central role of metaphor, perception, and qualitative experience in human cognition.
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