Dr. Berthold Koletzko shares the long-term benefits of maximizing the “window of opportunity” for growth and nutrition in early life, in line with healthy growth trajectories measured through z-scores for length, weight, body fat, metabolic markers, and more. The episode also delves into the initial results of an ongoing clinical trial and the effects of reduced protein intake on toddlerhood and later obesity risk. It also highlights the importance of monitoring weight trends, supporting breastfeeding, and promoting healthy feeding practices to reduce excessive weight gain and lower the risk of metabolic diseases later in life.