03.04 - Drogheda: A Day and Night of Uncalculated Butchery

With the way cleared by the Battle of Rathmines, Oliver Cromwell marches on Drogheda. The Royalist Governor Arthur Aston refuses to surrender, and Cromwell's guns break the walls. The New Model Army floods inside, and Cromwell forbids any mercy.

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For this episode, I found the following publications particularly useful:

John Cunningham, ‘Politics, 1641-1660’, Cambridge History of Ireland

Antonia Fraser, Cromwell: Our Chief of Men

Elaine Murphy, Micheál Ó Siochrú, Jason Peacey, John Morril, eds. The Letters, Writings, and Speeches of Oliver Crmwell: Volume II, 2022.

David Edwards, ‘Political Change and Social Transformation, 1603-1641’, Cambridge History of Ireland

Ian Gentles, The English Revolution and the Wars in the Three Kingdoms, 1638-1652

John Jeremiah Cronin and Padraig Lenihan, ‘Wars of Religion, 1641-1691’, Cambridge History of Ireland

Patrick Little, Lord Broghill and the Cromwellian Union with Ireland and Scotland, 2004

Nick Lipscombe, The English Civil War: An Atlas and Concise History of the Wars of the Three Kingdoms, 1639-51

Micheál Ó Siochrú, (ed.) Kingdoms in Crisis: Ireland in the 1640s, 2000

Micheál Ó Siochrú, Confederate Ireland, 1642-1649, 1999

Micheál Ó Siochrú, God’s Executioner: Oliver Cromwell and the Conquest of Ireland

Pádraig Lenihan, Confederate Catholics at War, 1641-49, 2001

Pádraig Lenihan, 'Siege Massacres in Ireland: Drogheda in Context', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives

Wheeler, James Scott, 'Ormond and Cromwell: The Struggle for Ireland', in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives

Martyn Bennett, ‘God’s Wall of Brass: Cromwell’s Generals in Ireland, 1649-1650’ in Martyn Bennett, Raymond Gillespie, and Scott Spurlock (eds), Cromwell and Ireland: New Perspectives

Derek Hirst, ‘Security and Reform in England’s Other Nations, 1649-1658’, in Michael J. Braddick. The Oxford Handbook of the English Revolution

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