Detailed examination of Earth's formation, internal structure, and dynamic processes. They discuss the geological timescale and major events in the planet's history, alongside the classification and characteristics of rocks. A significant focus is placed on the Theory of Plate Tectonics, explaining how the movement and interaction of Earth's rigid outer shell cause phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic activity, and how these concepts are relevant in practical applications, such as resource extraction and natural disaster preparedness, including their application in educational contexts.