Episode 35: Ed Bourque (http://www.edbourqueconsulting.com) has more than a decade of experience in the domestic and international water sector, in research, technical writing, communications, and proposal writing roles. He has experience in urban water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH), urban planning, watershed management, and water governance / political economy analysis. He has experience working with major donors (USAID, the World Bank, and UNICEF), numerous NGOs, government, and the private sector.

Ed holds a B.A. in biology/environmental science from Colby College, an M.A. in international development from Brandeis University, and a PhD in geography from King’s College London. He speaks French and Swahili.

This episode's motto: "Co-dependency does not lead to good results."

**Links of interest from David**

https://www.ib-net.org

http://www.aguanomics.com/2017/07/review-development-projects-observed.html

The Divide: https://one-handed-economist.com/?p=857

https://soundcloud.com/jivetalking/29-giel-verbeeck-makes-water-systems-sustainable

**Links of interest from Ed**

Here are some links on some of the water governance topics we discussed (enabling environments, project failures/corruption, and tools to address some of these issues).

Failure and corruption

http://www.improveinternational.org/cause/why-do-water-points-fail/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failures_of_water_supply_and_sanitation_systems

http://www.edbourqueconsulting.com/why-do-water-sector-public-private-participation-projects-ppps-fail/

https://ssir.org/articles/entry/development_malpractice_in_ghana

https://qz-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/qz.com/africa/1368422/the-2018-hilton-prize-went-to-a-kenyan-nonprofit-that-builds-aerial-water-systems-for-slums/amp/

http://www.edbourqueconsulting.com/corruption-water-sector-water-mafias-exist/

http://www.watergetenemy.org/

Assessing access and improving enabling environments/institutions, finances, systems, and accountability frameworks.

https://washdata.org/

http://sanitationandwaterforall.org/

https://www.unwater.org/publication_categories/glaas/

https://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/monitoring/investments/trackfin/en/

https://www.ircwash.org/resources/blended-finance

https://thecityfix.com/blog/urban-water-governance-in-the-developing-world-accountability-and-affordability-are-keys-to-access-water-ed-bourque/

https://www.ircwash.org/symposium

http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/527371468166770790/World-Development-Report-2004-Making-services-work-for-poor-people-Overview

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/282848264_Mapping_of_Water_Sanitation_and_Hygiene_Sustainability_Tools

https://akvopedia.org/wiki/FIETS_sustainability_principles

http://washplus.org/rotary-usaid.html

Water wars: https://flows.hypotheses.org/1126

The Tanzania electricity scandal of 2008.

https://www.africaresearchinstitute.org/newsite/publications/iptl-richmond-escrow-price-private-power-procurement-tanzania/

(NB: One major impact of failed electrical grids in Dar es Salaam was that deep water wells in the city that were dependent upon functional electrical grids were pretty much useless. It rendered the water supply for those off the piped water system (all but those who had a share of/access to those 50,000 or so water utility connections) non-existent for hours and days on end for months on end in that era.)