The electron transport chain is a critical process in cellular respiration, facilitating the transfer of electrons from NADH and FADH2 to oxygen, leading to the production of ATP. NADH and FADH2 donate their electrons to the ETC, which consists of several protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. These complexes, along with mobile electron carriers like CoQ10 and cytochrome c, facilitate the stepwise transfer of electrons, generating a proton gradient and ultimately driving ATP synthesis. Oxygen serves as the final electron acceptor, ensuring the continued flow of electrons and the efficient functioning of cellular respiration.