Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

In this episode of Entropy Rising, Jacob and Lucas take a hard look at the Kardashev scale – a framework that ranks civilizations by the amount of energy they can harness – and ask whether it still serves as a meaningful tool today. After recapping Nikolai Kardashev’s original three-tier model and its purpose as a search tool for SETI, the hosts explore Carl Sagan’s numerical refinements, where Type I civilizations use ~10¹⁶ W, Type II tap ~10²⁶ W and Type III reach ~10³⁶ W. They question why humanity sits around Type 0.7 and debate whether the capability to modify our planet’s climate and harness agricultural energy counts toward Type I status.

The discussion then shifts to just how staggering the jump from Type I to Type II really is: a ten‑billion‑fold increase that would give each person on Earth the energy budget of an entire modern civilization. This segues into a critique of pop‑culture portrayals—why even Star Wars’ galactic empire doesn’t qualify as Type II—and an examination of how Kardashev’s framework overlooks differences between star types and the feasibility of empire‑scale coordination. The hosts introduce the Barrow scale and other proposals that categorize civilizations by their ability to manipulate matter (from genetic engineering to subatomic control), arguing that energy alone cannot describe technological sophistication. They also consider metrics based on computational capacity or semiconductor size, suggesting that once contact with extraterrestrial societies is possible, energy use may become less relevant.

This candid exploration interrogates assumptions, challenges popular misconceptions and highlights the need for multiple scales to capture the complexity of advanced civilizations.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

What if we could mine the Sun? What if we didn’t just build around stars, but engineered them? In this episode of Entropy Rising, we explore two of the most mind-bending concepts in astrophysics: star lifting and stellar engines, technologies a Kardashev Type II civilization might use to reshape entire solar systems.

We break down how star lifting works, from using magnetic fields to extract solar plasma, to sorting elements like iron and carbon for megastructure construction. You’ll learn why advanced civilizations might want to do this. not just to build Dyson swarms or fusion reactors, but to extend a star’s life or reclassify it altogether. We also explore how this process might be used to terraform planets,or even refuel stars.

Then, we take it one step further. What if you could move a star? We discuss the science behind stellar engines, including the Shkadov thruster, the Caplan engine, and the far more efficient Star Tug. These are not sci-fi magic—they’re grounded in real physics. By redirecting radiation or harvesting and ejecting stellar mass, these hypothetical devices could shift entire stars across the galaxy… slowly, but surely.

And yes, we talk about the crazy implications. Turning the entire solar system into a generation ship. Moving stars to avoid supernovae. Using lasers and plasma jets to reshape the cosmos.

Whether you're here for the theoretical physics, the sci-fi applications, or just to melt your brain a little, this episode delivers. It’s the kind of future tech that’s so extreme, it sounds like fantasy... but might actually be inevitable.

If you’ve ever wondered what a truly advanced civilization does with its power, this is the episode you’ve been waiting for.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

When we talk about interstellar travel, most stories end with arrival—ships decelerating into orbit, crews waking from stasis, boots hitting alien soil. But the reality is, that’s where things get messy.

In this episode of Entropy Rising, we explore the overlooked phase of interstellar colonization: what actually happens when a generation ship finally reaches its destination. From drones arriving centuries ahead to prepare the system, to colony fleets launching at relativistic speeds with no option to turn back, arrival isn’t a peaceful touchdown—it’s a high-stakes maneuver where politics, engineering, and survival collide.

Jacob and Lucas dig into the infrastructure that would need to be in place long before colonists arrive, the ethical minefield of encountering alien biospheres, and why space habitats might remain preferable to planetary living—even after we find an Earth-like world. They debate whether colony ships would act alone or arrive in waves, how competing factions might stake claims on the same planet, and what kind of government could hold together over centuries of deep space travel.

The episode also unpacks how advanced civilizations might manipulate entire solar systems to slow down incoming ships, including the use of orbital lasers, fusion braking, and Dyson swarm engineering. With so much at stake—limited fuel, the risk of cultural fragmentation, and potential biothreats—arrival might be less of a new beginning and more of a final test.

And if multiple ships arrive at once, the question becomes not just how to survive—but who gets to stay.

If you’re fascinated by space colonization, generation ships, and what it truly means to build a society light-years from home, this episode goes far beyond the clichés. We’re not talking about sci-fi fantasies. We’re asking what it would really take.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

What if the reason we don’t see aliens isn’t because they’re hiding—but because they never had a shot?

This episode dives into the Rare Earth Hypothesis, a compelling (and kind of depressing) answer to the Fermi Paradox. It suggests that while microbial life might be common across the cosmos, complex life—anything capable of building telescopes, cities, or starships—might be unimaginably rare. And Earth? It may have won the cosmic lottery.

We break down the long list of things that had to go right for us to be here: an unusually stable orbit, a protective magnetosphere, a giant moon formed from a violent planetary collision, a nearby gas giant that plays bouncer to incoming asteroids, and even plate tectonics that recycle carbon and regulate climate over millions of years. None of these features are guaranteed. Some may be vanishingly rare.

We also talk about why these features matter. Plate tectonics aren’t just about earthquakes—they’re part of what makes long-term climate stability possible. Moons don’t just light up the night sky—they may stabilize a planet’s tilt and create tidal zones that some theories say were essential for life to begin. Without these features, the odds of evolving something as fragile and complex as a brain might plummet.

But here’s the twist: we might be wrong. Maybe life doesn’t need Earth-like conditions at all. Maybe there are lifeforms out there that breathe methane, thrive under crushing pressure, or float in the clouds of gas giants. Maybe we’re just too biased by the one example we know—ourselves.

So is Earth a freak accident? Is intelligent life a fluke? Or are we just in the early chapters of discovering what life really looks like across the galaxy?

We explore the scientific arguments, the philosophical implications, and how all of this ties back into our ongoing obsession with alien life and the silence of the stars.

Join us for a conversation that moves from plate tectonics to moons, galactic habitable zones to impact events, and ends with a better understanding of how rare—or not—we might actually be.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

What if the galaxy is teeming with life—brilliant, social, tool-using life—that will never leave its own planet?

In this episode of Entropy Rising, we explore a question that doesn’t get nearly enough attention: could underwater civilizations actually evolve, and if so, how far could they go? From coral farming to biotech tools, from fermentation to chemical cooking, we break down the ways intelligent aquatic life might innovate in an environment where fire, metallurgy, and even basic combustion are off the table.

We dive deep (literally and metaphorically) into the barriers that ocean-dwelling species would face: no access to smelting, no simple way to generate high temperatures, and limited chemistry due to water’s high heat capacity and reactivity. But it’s not all limitations. We also explore the advantages—like potential early access to air pockets, electric fields, and bioengineering—offering surprising routes for technological development that are nothing like the path humanity took.

Could social marine creatures like octopuses develop advanced societies? Could biotech replace metal tools? Would spaceflight ever be possible for them—or would the very ocean that gave them life become a permanent prison?

We also look at how super-Earths with deep oceans and stronger gravity stack the odds even further against space exploration, making the ocean surface as unreachable for them as interstellar travel is for us. And yet… maybe that’s not the end of the story.

Join us as we examine the slow, strange path that aquatic civilizations might take—and the tragic possibility that they’re out there, aware of the stars, but forever stuck beneath the waves.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

What if the most likely places to find life in the universe are also the least Earth-like?

In this episode of Entropy Rising, Jacob and Lucas explore the wildest corners of astrobiology to ask a bold question: where could life really exist—and have we been looking in all the wrong places? From the dark depths of black hole systems to the frigid atmospheres of gas giants and the volatile surfaces of red dwarf planets, we examine how life might emerge in environments that defy every assumption we have.

We kick things off with the bizarre possibility of life on a planet orbiting a black hole—not on the irradiated surface, but deep within subsurface oceans shielded from lethal gamma rays. Could radiation-fed organisms thrive there, evolving entirely without sunlight or oxygen? Then we move to red dwarf stars—the most common type of star in the universe. These dim, flare-prone stars may seem inhospitable, but what if methane-based lifeforms are adapted to thrive in their extended habitable zones? If that’s the case, carbon-based, water-loving life like us might actually be the minority.

From there, we head into the clouds—literally—exploring Carl Sagan’s provocative theory of life in the upper atmospheres of gas giants. With the right temperature and pressure, even Jupiter-like worlds could harbor strange microbial ecosystems suspended in their vast skies. If amino acids and cell-like membranes can form there, as evidence suggests, then we might be missing entire biospheres just because they don’t have surfaces.

We also dive into real Earth-based extremophiles—organisms that thrive in boiling acid, intense radiation, or miles beneath the crust—to show that life’s adaptability is more than just theoretical. The more we learn about them, the more they expand our imagination of what alien life might be.

If you're tired of the same “habitable zone” checklist for exoplanets, this episode will crack it wide open. Because when it comes to life in the cosmos, the weirdest places might just be the most alive.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

What if death was optional?

In this episode of Entropy Rising, we dive into one of the most fascinating—and controversial—topics in science and futurism: radical life extension. From the promise of biological immortality to the potential nightmare scenarios of overpopulation, wealth inequality, and societal stagnation, this episode tackles the full spectrum of what it could mean to live for hundreds—or even thousands—of years.

We explore the real science behind extending human life, including technologies already in development: artificial organs, 3D-printed tissues, gene editing, and the growing field of nanomedicine. We also look at more speculative ideas like DNA repair at the molecular level, cellular rejuvenation, and even mind uploading as a potential path to digital immortality.

But the science is only half the story. What would happen to the economy if people stopped dying? Would retirement become obsolete? How would religion evolve in a world without death? Would traditions and culture stagnate—or evolve in completely new ways? And what about crime and punishment—how do you sentence someone who might live forever?

We also talk about the difference between lifespan and healthspan, and why extending the number of healthy years matters just as much as total years lived.

Whether you’re excited by the idea of living forever or wary of its implications, this episode offers a grounded yet imaginative look at the future of humanity when aging becomes optional.

If you're into futurism, sci-fi concepts grounded in real science, or just love thinking about where the world is headed, this is an episode you won’t want to miss.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Book highlight: Thirteen Seconds https://www.complicatedreality.com

In this episode of Entropy Rising, Jacob and Lucas dive into one of science fiction’s most iconic and controversial ideas: faster-than-light (FTL) travel. What would it take to actually break the universe’s ultimate speed limit—and should we even want to?

We kick things off by confronting the science head-on. Modern physics makes it clear: FTL travel violates everything we know about energy, causality, and the structure of space-time. From the infinite energy required to approach the speed of light to the time-travel paradoxes that FTL would unleash, we explain why physicists generally believe it’s impossible—and why that might be a good thing.

But let’s be honest: the science isn’t why FTL keeps showing up in Star Trek, Stargate, and every other sci-fi universe. So we suspend disbelief and explore the mind-bending implications of if it were possible. Could we build warp drives using exotic matter? Would wormholes really let us travel from planet to planet—or just rip open reality? And what happens when you can send a spaceship, or a missile, across the galaxy in an instant?

From there, we explore how FTL would reshape civilization itself. Would planets become suburbs of galactic megacities? Would interstellar wars be fought with surprise attacks through stargates or relativistic kill vehicles? Could we terraform worlds by draining oceans through portals or transporting entire planets to new stars? What does power look like in a post-scarcity society where resources are everywhere—and conflict might be inevitable?

We even dig into the Fermi Paradox: If FTL is possible, why haven’t we met anyone? Would civilizations self-destruct the moment they unlock such power? Or does the silence of the stars prove FTL just isn’t real?

This episode is a wild ride through speculative science, technological dreams, and existential dread—with just the right amount of sarcasm and awe. Whether you’re a sci-fi fan, a physics nerd, or just someone wondering what the future could look like, this one’s for you.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Website:  https://multiverseemployeehandbook.com

Original Episode description from the multiverse employee handbook:

Journey through the solar system with humanity's mechanical ambassadors! From Soviet Luna probes to interstellar Voyagers, we explore how these sophisticated machines have revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos while battling radiation, extreme temperatures, and occasionally, corporate restructuring.

https://multiverseemployeehandbook.com

In this episode, we present "The Interdimensional Performance Review" - the tale of Probe-42, an AI-equipped deep space explorer convinced it's overdue for a performance evaluation just as its parent company undergoes a yogurt-based corporate takeover. Meanwhile, we chart the remarkable evolution of actual space probes, from the first lunar photographs to solar sails propelled by sunlight itself.

Discover how international space agencies have contributed unique chapters to our cosmic exploration story - Japan's asteroid-sampling Hayabusa, India's budget-friendly Mars mission, China's far-side lunar landing, and the UAE's rapid journey from space novice to Mars explorer. We'll examine how these plucky mechanical scouts have survived harsh environments that would destroy any human visitor, all while operating on computing power that would embarrass your smartphone.

Join us for an interplanetary adventure that spans the pioneering Luna and Venera missions to the cutting-edge James Webb Space Telescope, with a look toward future technologies that might one day carry humanity's presence to other stars.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Support us on Patreon: https://patreon.com/EntropyRising?utm_medium=unknown&utm_source=join_link&utm_campaign=creatorshare_creator&utm_content=copyLink

Follow us on treads: https://www.threads.net/@entropyrisingpodcast
Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/

Book highlight (Realia)  : https://uawatts.com/realia/

In this episode of Entropy Rising, Jacob and Lucas dive into one of the most fascinating—and controversial—ideas in space exploration: generation ships.

What does it take to send thousands of people on a voyage lasting hundreds (or even thousands) of years to another star system? Would you be willing to spend your entire life aboard a ship, knowing you’ll never see the destination? And what kind of society forms when your entire world is a metal cylinder drifting through the void?

We explore the different types of colony ships—from today’s theoretical generation ships to future possibilities involving life extension and cryo-sleep. You’ll hear discussions on ship design, population limits, farming in space, water recycling, propulsion systems, and even the ethical dilemma of bringing new life into a confined world with no escape.

But this episode goes deeper than just engineering. We tackle the psychological and social challenges: How do governments work in space? What happens to culture and language over generations? Could a closed ecosystem become a utopia—or a floating dystopia?

From building a spacefaring civilization to surviving the journey itself, this episode paints a vivid and sometimes unsettling picture of what it might really take for humanity to become an interstellar species.

Whether you're into science, sci-fi, philosophy, or just love big questions—this one's for you.

Website: https://www.entropy-rising.com/