Banks setting up Islamic banking operations must carefully choose technology and infrastructure to meet Shariah, regulatory and customer requirements. Islamic businesses typically require separate divisions, Shariah boards, compliant products and often separate general ledgers. Banks can either invest in a single universal banking system (UBS) supporting both conventional and Islamic products, or deploy multiple best-of-breed product processors with integration layers. The single-system approach offers lower costs and simpler architecture, and is common in markets like Saudi Arabia, but may limit functionality. The multi-system model provides stronger Islamic capabilities and faster time to market, though with higher complexity. Successful coexistence depends on six factors: customer master data management, omnichannel routing, flexible service layers, strong middleware, real-time processor integration and enterprise general ledger design. While single systems suit smaller or greenfield banks, larger banks often benefit from specialized product processors, subject to regulation, Shariah approval and market context.