Recep Tayyip Erdoğan has been the leader of the Turkish Republic since 2003, either as prime minister or president. Erdoğan's erratic tendencies have made him one of the most talked-about leaders in the world, and a headache for the US, the EU, and NATO. However, it is within his own country where Erdoğan's leadership is most polarising, with his Islamist outlook cutting against the traditionally secular Turkish Republic. My guest for this conversation is Times journalist and author of Erdoğan Rising, Hannah Lucinda Smith (@hannahluci on Twitter).