Has a PCP provided feedback that your patient should NOT have epinephrine in the local anesthesia? It's a complicated issue as epi does so much to improve the efficacy of the anesthetic agents but also helps manage patient pain. In this episode, Tom Viola discusses the ins and outs of using epinephrine and maybe how medical providers get it wrong every now and again...

Be sure to reach out to him if you have any questions by emailing [email protected], visit his website TomViola.com or check out his social media - @pharmacologydeclassified