Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, Book I (trans. B.O. Foster, Loeb Classical Library, 1919; also R.M. Ogilvie, Penguin, 1960)
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities, Books I–II (trans. E. Cary, Loeb Classical Library, 1937)
Plutarch, Life of Romulus (trans. B. Perrin, Loeb Classical Library, 1914)
Ovid, Fasti, Book IV (on the founding date)
Secondary Sources
T.J. Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (Routledge, 1995) — the essential modern scholarly treatment
Andrea Carandini, Rome: Day One (Princeton University Press, 2011) — argues for more historical kernel in the myth
Gary Forsythe, A Critical History of Early Rome (University of California Press, 2005) — more skeptical approach
Massimo Pallottino, The Etruscans (Penguin, 1975)
Mary Beard, SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome (Profile Books, 2015) — accessible modern survey
On the Archaeological Evidence
Carandini's excavations on the Palatine from the 1980s onward
The Forum cemetery evidence: archaic burials indicate pre-urban use of the Forum valley
Pietro Romanelli and subsequent work on Palatine hut remains
On Early Iron Age Latium and Everyday Life
Christopher Smith, Early Rome and Latium (Oxford University Press, 1996)
Graeme Barker and Tom Rasmussen, The Etruscans (Blackwell, 1998) — comparative context for Iron Age central Italy
Walter Scheidel, Debating Roman Demography (Brill, 2001) — on mortality and population
Livy, Ab Urbe Condita, Book I (trans. B.O. Foster, Loeb Classical Library, 1919; also R.M. Ogilvie, Penguin, 1960)
Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities, Books I–II (trans. E. Cary, Loeb Classical Library, 1937)
Plutarch, Life of Romulus (trans. B. Perrin, Loeb Classical Library, 1914)
Ovid, Fasti, Book IV (on the founding date)
Secondary Sources
T.J. Cornell, The Beginnings of Rome: Italy and Rome from the Bronze Age to the Punic Wars (Routledge, 1995) — the essential modern scholarly treatment
Andrea Carandini, Rome: Day One (Princeton University Press, 2011) — argues for more historical kernel in the myth
Gary Forsythe, A Critical History of Early Rome (University of California Press, 2005) — more skeptical approach
Massimo Pallottino, The Etruscans (Penguin, 1975)
Mary Beard, SPQR: A History of Ancient Rome (Profile Books, 2015) — accessible modern survey
On the Archaeological Evidence
Carandini's excavations on the Palatine from the 1980s onward
The Forum cemetery evidence: archaic burials indicate pre-urban use of the Forum valley
Pietro Romanelli and subsequent work on Palatine hut remains
On Early Iron Age Latium and Everyday Life
Christopher Smith, Early Rome and Latium (Oxford University Press, 1996)
Graeme Barker and Tom Rasmussen, The Etruscans (Blackwell, 1998) — comparative context for Iron Age central Italy
Walter Scheidel, Debating Roman Demography (Brill, 2001) — on mortality and population