Secure applications start with secure design. In this episode, we explore how to incorporate security into architecture and code from the very beginning. Topics include threat modeling, input validation, secure defaults, and fail-safe mechanisms. We also cover secure coding practices that prevent common vulnerabilities such as injection, buffer overflows, and improper error handling. CISSPs must understand the principles of secure design so they can set expectations, evaluate vendor software, and collaborate effectively with developers to reduce risks before code is ever deployed.