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Aditya-L1 Mission:

• Objective: The primary objective of the Aditya-L1 mission was to study the outermost layer of the Sun, known as the corona, and its dynamics. Understanding the Sun's behaviour is crucial because it has a significant impact on space weather and can affect Earth's communication systems, power grids, and satellites.
• Payloads: The mission was expected to carry multiple instruments to observe the Sun in various wavelengths, including visible, ultraviolet, and X-rays. These instruments would help scientists gather data about the Sun's atmosphere and its magnetic activity.
• Orbit: Aditya-L1 was planned to be placed in a halo orbit around the first Lagrangian point (L1), which is a point in space where the gravitational forces of the Earth and the Sun balance out. This position would provide a continuous view of the Sun without being blocked by Earth's atmosphere.

International Solar Missions:

• Other countries and space agencies, such as NASA (United States) and the European Space Agency (ESA), have also conducted or planned solar missions. These missions are aimed at studying various aspects of the Sun and its impact on space weather.
• Notable international solar missions include NASA's Parker Solar Probe, which was launched in 2018 to study the Sun's outer atmosphere and solar wind, and the ESA's Solar Orbiter, which was launched in 2020 to study the Sun's polar regions and its magnetic field.

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