The first sources used in this podcast details the significant role Tlaxcalan indigenous warriors played in the Spanish conquest of the Philippines, from their alliance with the Spanish in Mexico to their participation in battles and settlement in the islands. The second source argues against the term "Filipino" being applied to all Spanish people in the Philippines, emphasizing the diverse origins of Spanish colonists and the distinction between Castilians and other Spaniards. It also notes the historical use of "indio" for indigenous Filipinos and the later adoption of "Filipino" by nationalists to assert equality.