As organizations adopt more diverse platforms, cloud services, and third-party integrations, the ability for systems to work together securely—known as interoperability—becomes mission-critical. In this episode, we explore how interoperability ensures that identity providers, authentication protocols, logging systems, and access controls function consistently across environments. Standards like SAML, OAuth, and SCIM enable seamless identity management, while centralized logging formats and API compatibility allow for unified monitoring and response. We also discuss attestation, which involves validating that a device, system, or user meets security requirements before access is granted—often used in zero trust architectures. Attestation can include hardware checks, software version verification, posture assessment, or behavioral baselines. When interoperability and attestation are properly enforced, security becomes a unified fabric across tools and networks—not a patchwork of disconnected controls. These concepts enable scalable, consistent enforcement without sacrificing flexibility.