References from Shelley:

- UpToDate as referenced summer 2025

 

- RxFiles 2023 edition

 

- Bristol Stool Chart

 

- probioticchart.ca

 

- Why you should be careful with psyllium husk fiber supplement. YouTube: 

https://youtu.be/mPHXldh4_H4?si=wtAMhpP2QDCxPlr6

 

- Cascara Sagrada withdrawal in USA https://www.fda.gov/about-fda/fda-history-exhibits/drug-therapeutics-regulation-us#

 

- Phenothalein withdrawal from market

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/phenolphthalein#

 

- Bisacodyl 

Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2021 Mar 9;33(10):e14123. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14123

 

Bisacodyl: A review of pharmacology and clinical evidence to guide use in clinical practice in patients with constipation

 

Maura Corsetti 1,2,, Sabine Landes 3, Robert Lange 4

PMCID: PMC8596401 PMID: 33751780

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8596401/

 

- Stimulant laxatives 

 

First published online June 16, 2024

Review article: do stimulant laxatives damage the gut? A critical analysis of current knowledge

Peter Whorwell https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5220-8474 [email protected], Robert Lange, and Carmelo Scarpignato 

 

https://doi.org/10.1177/17562848241249664

 

- Rhubarb 

https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8321582/#

 

- Demulcents

https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/neuroscience/demulcent#

 

References from Kim:

Lexicomp drug information for: podophyllum, wheat dextrin, phenolpthalein, polyethylene glycol 3350

https://time.com/archive/6617019/medicine-cut-out-the-liver/

• Pharmacology, toxicology, clinical efficacy, and adverse effects of calcium polycarbophil, an enteral hydrosorptive agent. PMID: 6765389

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