This episode will help you understand that by 1900, some of the most dramatic transformations in human history have taken place that still largely shape our modern world. The environment no longer places limits on societal potential the way it used to. Cities are popping up throughout the Western world and people are flocking there to work in new industrial jobs, abandoning their traditional ways of working. New technologies and machinery are being developed that transform everything relating to how humans work, live, and consume. Western states now push for free trade that allows them to exchange with states in ways mercantilism never allowed, helping them to dominate economic and political affairs around the globe. Inequalities between social classes have grown larger and new ideologies develop that seek to radically transform society.

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