A rapid review of neurotoxins for facial rejuvenation for the plastic surgery learner. In this episode we review:

• Botulinum toxin pharmacology
• Evaluation and management of the facial rejuvenation patient seeking neurotoxin injections

Feedback is always appreciated. Comments, questions, suggestions, or corrections can be sent to [email protected]

References:

1. Sundaram H, Signorini M, Liew S, et al. Global Aesthetics Consensus: Botulinum Toxin Type A--Evidence-Based Review, Emerging Concepts, and Consensus Recommendations for Aesthetic Use, Including Updates on Complications. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;137(3):518e-529e.
2. Noland ME, Lalonde DH, Yee GJ, Rohrich RJ. Current Uses of Botulinum Neurotoxins in Plastic Surgery. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2016;138(3):519e-530e.
3. Walker TJ, Dayan SH. Comparison and overview of currently available neurotoxins. J Clin Aesthet Dermatol. 2014;7(2):31-39.