Voice over IP (VOIP) technologies have replaced traditional telephony in many organizations, but they come with their own set of security concerns. This episode explores the architecture of VOIP systems and the threats they face, including call interception, eavesdropping, spoofing, and denial-of-service attacks. We also cover secure communication protocols such as SRTP, SIPS, and encrypted signaling mechanisms. You’ll learn how to harden VOIP infrastructure, apply access controls, and monitor for anomalies. CISSPs must be prepared to evaluate communication channels not just for functionality, but also for confidentiality and integrity.