Security assessments come in many forms—each with a specific purpose. In this episode, we compare and contrast vulnerability scanning, penetration testing, and formal security audits. We cover the methodologies, tools, scope definitions, and reporting standards associated with each type. You’ll learn how to select the right assessment based on business goals, risk tolerance, and compliance requirements. We also examine legal considerations and rules of engagement for ethical hacking. For CISSPs, choosing and interpreting assessment results is key to effective security governance.