What is history? When does history begin? We live in a time of extraordinary material improvements – however unequally enjoyed and fraught with unanticipated consequences. Nonetheless, someone as astute as Henri de Lubac can assert that we live in a time of “deliberate barbarism” precisely to the degree that we are guilty of the “deliberate refusal of history.” In part 3 of this series Gil Bailie will accept the challenge implicit in de Lubac’s critique and reflect on the nature and meaning of human history.