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Evolution of regulatory signatures in primate cortical neurons at cell type resolution
Link to bioRxiv paper:
http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.24.219881v1?rss=1
Authors: Kozlenkov, A., Vermunt, M. W., Apontes, P., Li, J., Hao, K., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., Ely, J. J., Wegner, M., Mukamel, E. A., Creyghton, M. P., Koonin, E. V., Dracheva, S.
Abstract:
The human cerebral cortex contains many cell types that likely underwent independent functional changes during evolution. However, cell type-specific regulatory landscapes in the cortex remain largely unexplored. Here we report epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of the two main cortical neuronal subtypes, glutamatergic projection neurons and GABAergic interneurons, in human, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque. Using genome-wide profiling of the H3K27ac histone modification, we identify neuron-subtype-specific regulatory elements that previously went undetected in bulk brain tissue samples. Human-specific regulatory changes are uncovered in multiple genes, including those associated with language, autism spectrum disorder and drug addiction. We observe preferential evolutionary divergence in neuron-subtype-specific regulatory elements and show that a substantial fraction of pan-neuronal regulatory elements undergo subtype-specific evolutionary changes. This study sheds light on the interplay between regulatory evolution and cell-type-dependent gene expression programs, and provides a resource for further exploration of human brain evolution and function.
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By Multimodal LLCLink to bioRxiv paper:
http://biorxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.07.24.219881v1?rss=1
Authors: Kozlenkov, A., Vermunt, M. W., Apontes, P., Li, J., Hao, K., Sherwood, C. C., Hof, P. R., Ely, J. J., Wegner, M., Mukamel, E. A., Creyghton, M. P., Koonin, E. V., Dracheva, S.
Abstract:
The human cerebral cortex contains many cell types that likely underwent independent functional changes during evolution. However, cell type-specific regulatory landscapes in the cortex remain largely unexplored. Here we report epigenomic and transcriptomic analyses of the two main cortical neuronal subtypes, glutamatergic projection neurons and GABAergic interneurons, in human, chimpanzee and rhesus macaque. Using genome-wide profiling of the H3K27ac histone modification, we identify neuron-subtype-specific regulatory elements that previously went undetected in bulk brain tissue samples. Human-specific regulatory changes are uncovered in multiple genes, including those associated with language, autism spectrum disorder and drug addiction. We observe preferential evolutionary divergence in neuron-subtype-specific regulatory elements and show that a substantial fraction of pan-neuronal regulatory elements undergo subtype-specific evolutionary changes. This study sheds light on the interplay between regulatory evolution and cell-type-dependent gene expression programs, and provides a resource for further exploration of human brain evolution and function.
Copy rights belong to original authors. Visit the link for more info