Theodor Herzl and Achad Ha’Am were two of the most influential leaders in the history of modern Zionism. Yet they had radically different understandings of which crisis (Anti-Semitism or Assimilation) the Jewish people faced about a century ago. We will compare and contrast their approaches, and see how the State of Israel reflects – and does not reflect – their views.

This session was given by Dean Dr. David Bernstein as part of the Pardes Executive Learning Seminar, Summer 2017.