carriers – facing multiple risks from climate change and rising costs –

are struggling to avert a catastrophic nosedive. Wild weather,

skyrocketing fuel prices and taxes on carbon emissions have airlines

bracing for extreme turbulence. Australia's flagship carrier, Qantas, is

working hard to build a more fuel-efficient fleet, and optimise flight

plans and landing procedures. Meanwhile, Virgin Australia has its sights

on alternative fuels as a potential mitigating factor. As the global

tourism industry also confronts major strategic shifts, experts consider

how long-haul carriers can keep flying high.