In software design, choosing the right principles can significantly influence code efficiency, maintainability, and adaptability. One highly regarded principle in object-oriented programming is the “Favor Composition Over Inheritance” principle. This guideline advocates for constructing software systems using composition — creating classes by combining objects with distinct responsibilities — instead of relying heavily on inheritance, which can lead to rigid and tightly coupled designs. Composition, in contrast, offers flexibility by enabling independent modules to be assembled and reassembled for different functionalities, resulting in more adaptable and testable software. This article examines the benefits, applicability, and implementation of this principle across different programming paradigms, with practical examples to illustrate its transformative impact on software design.