1. 1497 – The Bonfire of the Vanities: In Florence, Italy, followers of the Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola burned objects deemed sinful, including books, artworks, and luxurious items.
2. 1795 – The 11th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is ratified: This amendment limits the ability of individuals to bring suit against states in federal court, shaping American judicial principles.
3. 1964 – The Beatles arrive in the United States: The British band landed at John F. Kennedy International Airport in New York City, sparking the "British Invasion" and changing the music industry forever.
4. 1992 – The European Union is formally established: The Maastricht Treaty was signed, laying the foundation for greater European economic and political integration.
5. 2009 – Bushfires devastate Australia: Known as "Black Saturday," a series of bushfires swept through Victoria, Australia, killing 173 people and causing widespread destruction.

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