Focuses on distinguishing and managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome using the rigid Rome IV criteria. It issues a stark warning against operating on functional visceral hypersensitivity, detailing how elective resections for symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease frequently fail to relieve pain. The episode reviews targeted pharmacotherapy based on IBS subtypes (e.g., eluxadoline for IBS-D and lubiprostone for IBS-C), and addresses pelvic floor pain syndromes like proctalgia fugax, which surprisingly responds to inhaled albuterol.