Funding is the Matter

For this podcast episode, I am going to break down the rise and fall of SNCC. The fall of SNCC also coincides with the rise of Africana Studies departments on PWIs. This led to a brain drain of humanities professors at HBCUs to higher-salaried Black professors at PWIs. For the pop culture section, I question whether pop music can be radical. Instead, I ask us to look at genres like punk for protest music. In the policy section, I will develop an outline for a union of musicians, producers, and songwriters. For the next episodes, I will detail policies to assist with increasing participation in humanities degrees. 

References

Smith, D. T. (2022). “They are here to support me”: Community cultural wealth assets and precollege experiences of undergraduate Black men in engineering. Journal of Engineering Education. https://doi.org/10.1002/jee.20480

Rose, D. F. (2024). Higher Education as a Movement. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197776599.003.0004

Matthews, D. Y., & Jones, T. B. (2021). HBCUs: The Foundation and Future of Social Justice, Leadership, and Leadership Development. https://doi.org/10.1108/978-1-80043-664-020211005

Santos, R. D. C. dos. (2022). Freedom Summer (United States). The Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470674871.wbespm289.pub2

Polletta, F. (2022). Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) (United States). The Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social and Political Movements. https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470674871.wbespm400.pub2

Gavins, R. (2016). Black Panther Party (BPP). https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781316216453.040

Ensminger, D. A. (2016). The Politics of Punk: Protest and Revolt from the Streets.

Thompson, A. (2010). From Bad Brains To Afro-Punk: An Analysis Of Identity, Consciousness, And Liberation Through Punk Rock From 19772010.

Dimont, J. (2018). Royalty Inequity: Why Music Streaming Services Should Switch to a Per-Subscriber Model. Hastings Law Journal.

Richardson, J. H. (2014). The Spotify Paradox: How the Creation of a Compulsory License Scheme for Streaming On-Demand Music Services Can Save the Music Industry. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.2557709

Law and Policy in the Streaming Age. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1017/9781009394666.003

Ramesh, Dr. S. (2024). The Economics of Music Streaming: Impact on Artist Compensation and Industry Structure in the Digital Era. Journal of Humanities,Music and Dance. https://doi.org/10.55529/jhmd.46.1.8

Garon, J. (2013). Digital Hollywood 2.0: Reimagining Film, Music, Television and Publishing Distribution as a Global Artist Collaborative. Social Science Research Network.

Kang, J. W., & Kim, Y.-K. (2023). An Empirical Analysis of the Effects of the Artist Welfare System  on the Economic and Artistic Activities of Artists: Based on the 2021 Artist  Survey. The Journal of Cultural Policy. https://doi.org/10.16937/jcp.2023.37.1.211

Nordhaus, R. E. (1983). S.N.C.C. and the Civil Rights Movement in Mississippi, 1963-64: A Time of Change. The History Teacher, 17(1), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.2307/493225

In today's episode, I am talking about the participation of Black people in unions. I dive into the importance of the CIO (Congressional Industrial Organizations) into being the first interracial union. CIO's efforts also branched into the policies developed into the civil rights episode. For the pop culture section, I talk about the lack of unions in the music industry. Due to the segregation by race and genre by the American Federation of Musicians, this has led to musicians and artists having little to know power over their profits and artistic output. 

Links to YouTube videos on how to start a union:  

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tok00IDVTz4

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mHOGRhBkWOE

References:

Judt, D. (2022). The Tragic Pragmatism of the Wagner Act. American Journal of Legal History. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajlh/njac019

Herrick, E. M. (1946). The National Labor Relations Act. Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271624624800113

Zeitlin, M., & Weyher, L. F. (2001). “Black and White, Unite and Fight”: Interracial Working‐Class Solidarity and Racial Employment Equality1. American Journal of Sociology. https://doi.org/10.1086/324682

Mason, L. R. (1945). The CIO and the Negro in the South. Journal of Negro Education. https://doi.org/10.2307/2966026

Forbath, W. E. (2000). Civil Rights and Economic Citizenship: Notes on the Past and Future of the Civil Rights and Labor Movements. University of Pennsylvania Journal of Business Law.

Anderson, B. E. (1975). Full Employment and Economic Equality. Annals of The American Academy of Political and Social Science. https://doi.org/10.1177/000271627541800113

Lichtenstein, A. (2002). The CIO in Black and White. Radical History Review. https://doi.org/10.1215/01636545-2002-83-203

Fones-Wolf, E. (1996). Labor and Social Welfare: The CIO’s Community Services Program, 1941-1956. Social Service Review. https://doi.org/10.1086/604217

Whann, H. D. (2020). Roosevelt, Randolph, and Dubinsky: Minorities & American Labor in the Twentieth Century.

Goldfield, M. (1993). Race and the CIO: The Possibilities for Racial Egalitarianism During the 1930s and 1940s. International Labor and Working-Class History. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0147547900012187

Schmitt, J., & Zipperer, B. (2007). The Decline in African-American Representation in Unions and Manufacturing, 1979-2006. CEPR Reports and Issue Briefs.

Cook, A., & Glass, C. (2013). Glass Cliffs and Organizational Saviors: Barriers to Minority Leadership in Work Organizations? Social Problems. https://doi.org/10.1525/SP.2013.60.2.168

Lazonick, W., Moss, P., & Weitz, J. (2020). How the Disappearance of Unionized Jobs Obliterated an Emergent Black Middle Class. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.36687/INETWP125

Miller, L. E. (2024a). The Origins of the American Federation of Musicians and Its Place in the History of Organized Labor. https://doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252045561.003.0002

Peterson, M. (2013). Sound Work: Music as Labor and the 1940s Recording Bans of the American Federation of Musicians. Anthropological Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1353/ANQ.2013.0040

Pippen, J. (2015). Tell Tchaikovsky the News: Rock “n” Roll, the Labor Question, and the Musicians’ Union, 1942–1968 by Michael James Roberts (review). Notes. https://doi.org/10.1353/NOT.2015.0152

Weissman, D. (2019). The Viability of the American Federation of Musicians in the 21st Century. https://doi.org/10.25101/19.17

Frey, B. S. (2019). The Artists’ Labour Market

In today's episode, I will be going over dating within the Black Elite from the Gilded Age to our current dating problems. I am going to detail how our dating problems are connected to class. Class isn't a guarantee a healthy romantic partnership. In the pop culture segment, I am going to detail Sabrina Carpeter's dating drama and the connections to parasocial relationships. 

References

Racial and ethnic socialization from early childhood through adolescence. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-818872-9.00061-3

Byrd, C. M., & Hope, E. C. (2020). Black Students’ Perceptions of School Ethnic-Racial Socialization Practices in a Predominantly Black School: Journal of Adolescent Research. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558419897386

Chrisman, R. (2005). Black Studies, the Talented Tenth, and the Organic Intellectual. Black Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2005.11413306

James, J. (1996). Transcending the Talented Tenth: Black Leaders and American Intellectuals.

Knudsen, D. D. (1968). Socialization to Elitism: A Study of Debutantes*. Sociological Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1533-8525.1968.TB01122.X

Jackson, P. B., Kleiner, S., Geist, C., & Cebulko, K. (2011). Conventions of Courtship: Gender and Race Differences in the Significance of Dating Rituals. Journal of Family Issues. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X10395113

Jester, J. K., & Brooks, J. E. (2023). Gendered Racial Socialization and Interracial Dating Attitudes Among Black Women. Journal of Black Sexuality and Relationships. https://doi.org/10.1353/bsr.2023.0009

Chrisman, R. (2005). Black Studies, the Talented Tenth, and the Organic Intellectual. Black Scholar. https://doi.org/10.1080/00064246.2005.11413306

Woolner, C. (2023). The Famous Lady Lovers. https://doi.org/10.5149/northcarolina/9781469675480.001.0001

p2uekzc535, p2uekzc535. (2022). African American Gay Men. GLQ: A Journal of Lesbian and Gay Studies. https://doi.org/10.1215/10642684-9608217

Napier, A. J. (2015). Narratives of thriving : Black lesbian and queer women negotiating racism, sexism, and heterosexism.

For this episode, I go through the pros and cons of affirmative action with HBCUs. I also talked with Dr. Eddie Cole about his book "The Campus Color Line: College Presidents and the Struggle for Black Freedom". In the interview, we discuss the hardships of Black presidents during the civil rights movement. (Keep in mind that this interview was recorded in June 2022). I follow this interview up with potential solutions to the rollbacks to DEI in corporate and educational spaces. 

 The Campus Color Line: College Presidents and the Struggle for Black Freedom by Dr. Eddie Cole (Link: https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691206745/the-campus-color-line?srsltid=AfmBOoot5i6GwrxHHfaLDlp34PISR3zpF5U7A15utV_x0G336rNYWvVH) 

Resources: 

Bills in NC: 

Reduce Early Voting Period for Primaries (Link: https://ncleg.gov/Sessions/2025/Bills/House/PDF/H411v1.pdf)

House Bill 127 (Link: https://www.carolinajournal.com/nc-house-bill-to-ban-dei-agenda-in-state-and-local-government/ ) 

Articles on AI and Data Centers: 

1.  Georgia Senate committee passes bill to protect residents from data center costs (Link: https://thecurrentga.org/2025/02/25/georgia-senate-committee-passes-bill-to-protect-residents-from-data-center-costs/) 

2. Coal-fired power plant, now retired, to become massive gas-powered campus for AI, data centers (Link: https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2025/04/02/technology-ai-natural-gas-electricity-pennsylvania/66c1b050-0fd0-11f0-b319-ba9d1af23a2f_story.html) 

3. As internet data centers multiply, efforts to control them are growing(Link: https://www.washingtonpost.com/dc-md-va/2024/04/30/data-centers-regulations-northern-virginia-georgia-arizona/) 

Georgia OB/GYN 

1. Georgia’s Six-Week Abortion Ban Risks Worsening the State’s OB/GYN Shortage, According to Senate Testimony (Link: https://www.ossoff.senate.gov/press-releases/watch-georgias-six-week-abortion-ban-risks-worsening-the-states-ob-gyn-shortage-according-to-senate-testimony/)

2. More than 40% of Georgia’s counties are maternity care deserts (Link: https://www.ajc.com/news/health-news/more-than-40-of-georgias-counties-are-maternity-care-deserts/YTIJE6RD5ZHEFNKXU3XDQHBSXY/) 

Affirmative Action

1. Who really Benefits from Affirmative Action (Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLz7fTsBjo0)

2. Palmer, R. (2008). The perceived elimination of affirmative action and the strengthening of historically Black colleges and universities. Journal of Black Studies, 40(4), 762–776. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934708320729

3. A Referendum on Race Preferences Divides Michigan (https://www.chronicle.com/article/a-referendum-on-race-preferences-divides-michigan/)

4. Wise, T. (1998). Is Sisterhood Conditional? White Women and the Rollback of Affirmative Action. Feminist Formations, 10(3), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.2979/NWS.1998.10.3.1

5. Hawkins, S. (2020). Reverse Integration: Centering HBCUs in the Fight for Educational Equality. Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/SSRN.3684561

MSNBC

MSNBC Chews Up Black Women and Spits Them Out For Trump– Here’s the Proof (Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=259nTmWjiSQ&t=3s) 

Bio: Dr. Nicole Parker leads advocacy efforts for Lewis-Burke’s biomedical research portfolio in areas concerning federal research policy, biomedical research workforce policy, and health care policy, with a focus on the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and other grantmaking agencies within the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).  She utilizes her prior experience as a biomedical researcher to connect with clients seeking to expand their biomedical research and health-funding portfolios.  Nicole also uses her federal contractor experience with multiple offices within NIH to help clients better understand the priorities and inner workings of the agency.

Articles from Podcast Episode: 

1. Hayes, Brenda D., and Leslie R. Boone. "Women's health research at historically Black colleges and universities." American Journal of Health Studies 17.2 (2001): 59. 
2. Shavers, Vickie L., et al. "Barriers to racial/ethnic minority application and competition for NIH research funding." Journal of the National Medical Association 97.8 (2005): 1063. 
3. Smith, K. C., Geddis, D., & Dumas, J. (2021). The role of the HBCU pipeline in diversifying the STEM workforce: Training the next generation of drug delivery researchers. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 176, 113866. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addr.2021.113866
4.  Hofstra, B., Kulkarni, V. V., Galvez, S. M. N., He, B., Jurafsky, D., & McFarland, D. A. (2020). The diversity–innovation paradox in science. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(17), 9284-9291. 
5.  Platt, M. O. (2020). We exist. We are your peers. Nature Reviews Materials, 5(11), 783-784.
6. Stevens, K. R., Masters, K. S., Imoukhuede, P. I., Haynes, K. A., Setton, L. A., Cosgriff-Hernandez, E., ... & Eniola-Adefeso, O. (2021). Fund black scientists. Cell, 184(3), 561-565.

Bio: Dr. Jeannette Wade is an Assistant Professor of Sociology at North Carolina A&T State University. Her areas of expertise include Medical Sociology, Race, and Gender Studies. Her scholarly work centers on improving health outcomes for Black women. Specifically, (1) engaging understudied populations in biomedical research, (2) using Black feminist theory and methods to contextualize trends in health risk behaviors and related outcomes, and (3) using team science to create culturally tailored, gender specific interventions. The health-related topics she has studied include diet and exercise, diabetes as well as sexual and reproductive health. Dr. Wade teaches courses on Race and Ethnicity, Marriage and Family, Human Sexuality, Social Statistics, and the Sociological Senior Seminar.

Articles in Interview:

1. Wade, J., Poit, S. T., Lee, A., Ryman, S., McCain, D., Doss, C., ... & Morgan, A. A. (2022). Navigating a pandemic: a qualitative study of knowledge, sources of information, and COVID-19-related precautions taken by HBCU students. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 1-12.

2. Vance, M. M., Wade, J. M., Brandy Jr, M., & Webster, A. R. (2023). Contextualizing Black women’s mental health in the twenty-first century: Gendered racism and suicide-related behavior. Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities, 10(1), 83-92.

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Bio: Kimberly Cameron is the Executive Director of the North Carolina A&T Real Estate Foundation, Inc. Born and raised in Milwaukee, WI Kim moved to NC from Atlanta in 2013. Ms. Cameron was the first Black Woman to receive a Bachelor of Science in Construction Management from the University of Wisconsin and went on to obtain her MBA-Finance from Concordia University Wisconsin. Kimberly Cameron has over twenty-five years in community development.  She has worked on projects that served as catalysts for the revitalization of neighborhoods in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, Atlanta and Savannah, Georgia, Durham, and Greensboro, NC. Ms. Cameron understands that creating healthy communities involves active connectivity between schools, businesses, and municipalities that provide a continuity of education, jobs, and services to its residents.

Bio: Felecia Commodore is an Associate Professor of Higher Education in the Darden College of Education and Professional Studies at Old Dominion University in Norfolk, VA.  Felecia's research focus area is leadership, governance, and administrative practices with a particular focus on HBCUs and MSIs. Felecia’s research interests also lie in the role of boards in achieving educational equity, how leadership is exercised, constructed, and viewed in various communities, and the relationship of Black women and leadership. Felecia’s research expertise lies in the areas of organizational behavior, organizational decision-making, organizational culture, and how these three areas impact achieving equity.

 Felecia currently has work relating to this research published in the Journal of Higher Education, Journal of Diversity in Higher Education, and Research in Higher Education. She is also the lead author of the book, Black College Women: A Guide to Success in Higher Education. Felecia has a background working as an admissions counselor and academic advisor at Trinity University, Washington, D.C., and the University of Maryland, College Park, respectively. She also obtained an M.A. in Higher Education Administration from the University of Maryland, College Park, MD, and a B.S. in Marketing with a minor in Sociology from Drexel University in Philadelphia, PA. She earned her PhD in Higher Education from the University of Pennsylvania’s Graduate School of Education. 

 
 
References:
1. Commodore, F. (2015). The tie that binds: Trusteeship, values, and the presidential selection process at AME affiliated HBCUs. University of Pennsylvania.

2. Commodore, F., Freeman Jr, S., Gasman, M., & Carter, C. M. (2016). “How it’s done”: The role of mentoring and advice in preparing the next generation of historically Black college and university presidents. Education Sciences, 6(2), 19.

3. Commodore, F., Lockett, A. W., Johnson, A. C., Googe, C., & Covington, M. (2020, January). Controlling images, comments, and online communities: A critical discourse analysis of conversations about Black Women HBCU presidents. In Women's Studies International Forum (Vol. 78, p. 102330). Pergamon.

4. Freeman Jr, S., Commodore, F., Gasman, M., & Carter, C. (2016). Leaders wanted! The skills expected and needed for a successful 21st century historically Black college and university presidency. Journal of Black Studies, 47(6), 570-591. 

Follow the podcast on 

IG: @funding_is_the_matter

Twitter: @funds_do_matter

To subscribe to this podcast, you can find it on Spotify, Apple, or other podcast platforms. This is a bi-weekly podcast, and I will see you in two weeks. 

Bio: Dr. Phyllis Worthy Dawkins is the former president of Bennett College. She is the Executive Director of the HBCU Executive Leadership Institute at Clark Atlanta University (HBCU ELI at CAU). 

Follow the podcast on 

IG: @funding_is_the_matter

Twitter: @funds_do_matter

References:

Burnett, C. A. (2020). Diversity under review: HBCUs and regional accreditation actions. Innovative Higher Education, 45(1), 3-15. 

Gasman, M. (2017). Truth, generalizations, and stigmas: An analysis of the media’s coverage of Morris Brown College and Black colleges overall. In Historically Black colleges and universities (pp. 109-148). Routledge. 

https://www.chronicle.com/article/despite-raising-9-5-million-bennett-college-loses-accreditation-and-then-regains-it-temporarily/ 

https://www.wabe.org/hbcu-executive-leadership-institute-aims-to-prepare-and-develop-higher-education-leaders/ 

Bio: Dr. Kalynda C. Smith earned a Ph.D. and an M.S. in Social Psychology from Howard University and a BA in Psychology and English from Truman State University. Dr. Kalynda C. Smith is a social psychologist with expertise in STEM education and identity development research. I am currently a Co-PI or investigator on several interdisciplinary NSF-funded STEM education research projects.

Source: 
Kalynda Smith, Barbara Boakye, Dawn Williams, Lorraine Fleming (2020). (The Exploration of how identity intersectionality strengthens STEM identity for Black female undergraduates attending a historically Black college and university.). (3) 88, pp. 407-418. Journal of Negro Education.

Follow the podcast on 

IG: @funding_is_the_matter

Twitter: @funds_do_matter

To subscribe to this podcast, you can find it on Spotify, Apple, or other podcast platforms. This is a bi-weekly podcast, and I will see you in two weeks.