Reformed Thinking

God’s Providence: Sustaining and Governing All Things | John Calvin


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Deep Dive into Institutes of the Christian Religion by John Calvin - God by His Power Nourishes and Maintains the World Created by Him, And Rules Its Several Parts by His Providence


John Calvin argues that God is not merely a momentary creator who established the universe and then abandoned it to function on its own. Instead, faith recognizes God as the everlasting governor and preserver who continually sustains, nourishes, and actively cares for every aspect of his creation. This active governance, known as providence, stands in direct opposition to the concepts of fortune, chance, or blind fate, which Calvin dismisses as pagan ideas. Rather than just setting a universal law of nature into motion, God's omnipotence is watchful and directly regulates all individual actions and events so that nothing occurs without his deliberate purpose.

Calvin emphasizes that God's special providence extends to all occurrences, from the movements of the sun and the changing of the seasons to the feeding of animals and the distribution of daily bread. Furthermore, human affairs are entirely directed by God's hand, meaning that man does not independently control his own steps or destiny. Even events that appear completely random to human observation, such as a falling branch striking a traveler, the drawing of lots, or an unexpected encounter with robbers, are actively governed by God's secret plan.

While these events may seem fortuitous or contingent to us due to the limitations of human understanding, believers can find comfort in knowing that the true causes are simply hidden within God's sovereign will. By acknowledging that nothing happens without God's explicit ordinance, believers are freed from superstitious fears of nature or the stars. Ultimately, Calvin teaches that true providence means God does not idly observe from heaven, but rather actively guides all creation toward its appointed end.


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Reformed ThinkingBy Edison Wu