This text, taken from the book Gut Feelings: The Microbiome and Our Health, argues that the microbiome, the collection of trillions of microorganisms that live within our bodies, is central to our health and has an impact on our evolution, immune system, and susceptibility to diseases. The text examines the complex relationship between the microbiome and various diseases, including obesity, autoimmunity, neurological and behavioral disorders, and cancer, and explores potential interventions for improving health through the use of prebiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, and postbiotics. The authors emphasize the importance of a diverse and balanced microbiome for overall health and suggest that a better understanding of the interplay between the microbiome and the human host is crucial for developing effective treatments and preventative strategies for a range of chronic conditions.