Khalil Ramadi is developing electronic pills that could transform how we treat some diseases. His ingestible micro-devices deliver "bionudges”—bursts of electrical or chemical stimuli—to the gut, potentially helping to control appetite, aid digestion, or regulate hormones.

In this episode of the Create the Future podcast, we discover how Khalil’s non-invasive technology targets specific circuits in the gut to achieve brain stimulation; learn how bionudges could treat diseases such as diabetes, obesity, Parkinson’s, and Alzheimer’s; and discuss the history of the use of electricity in medicine. We explore the relatively new field of neuromodulation, discuss the challenges of applying the engineering mindset to medicine, and discover why it’s helpful to view engineering through the lens of problem-solving.

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