Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus(T1DM) is also known as Juvenile or Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus. In This, Beta Cells of Pancreas produce either very little or no Insulin thus they need to take insulin injections for their whole life. Type 1 DM most commonly occurs between 5 to 15 years of age, but it can occurs at any age after 6 months of birth and even in elderly people. In T1DM beta–cells of pancreas get destroyed completely due to autoimmunity or post-viral infection or idiopathic (Unknown Cause).

India ranks at first position in the prevalence of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the World. It’s common symptoms include polyuria.(increased urination), polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased appetite) & weight loss. Their treatment includes Insulin and medical nutrition therapy. They have to take insulin injection 4 times a day or sometimes even more Acute complications of T1DM includes Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) & hypoglycemia, which needs immediate action. Some important diagnostic tests for T1DM include fasting C-Peptide, GAD 65 antibodies test and antibody to Celiac Disease etc.

Recorded on the 12th May 2023 at Aakashwani Nagpur.