HistoryStrong Podcast

Episode 3: The Battle of Adrianople

In 376 AD, tens of thousands of Gothic refugees crossed the Danube seeking safety inside the Roman Empire. What began as an organized settlement quickly descended into starvation, corruption and rebellion after Roman officials failed to provide the food they had promised.

In Episode 3 of The Fall of Rome, we follow the Gothic revolt from its beginnings on the Roman frontier to the catastrophic Battle of Adrianople in 378 AD. Emperor Valens marched against the Goths expecting victory. Instead, much of the Eastern Roman field army was destroyed, Valens was killed, and the Goths emerged as a permanent force within the politics of the empire.

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Episode 2: The Goths Beyond the Frontier

Before the Goths became one of Rome’s greatest enemies, they were already deeply connected to the empire. Gothic warriors served in Roman armies, Roman coins and goods crossed the Danube, and Gothic rulers received payments and military opportunities from Rome.

In Episode 2 of The Fall of Rome, we explore life beyond the Roman frontier, the rise of Gothic power, the complex relationship between Romans and barbarians, and the arrival of the Huns that pushed Gothic refugees toward the Danube in 376 AD.

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#FallOfRome #Goths #RomanEmpire

The fall of the Roman Empire was not one dramatic event in 476 AD. It was a long process of migration, political fragmentation, war, economic breakdown and regional change that unfolded over generations. In Episode 1, we establish the timeline from the Gothic crossing of the Danube in 376 through the age of Justinian, and ask what it actually means to say that Rome “fell.”

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Continue the series here:

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FallOfRome #RomanEmpire #AncientRome

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Kublai Khan turns from empire-wide civil war to a single target that can break the Southern Song. We trace the five-year siege of Xiangyang and Fancheng on the Han River, the rise of a Mongol river fleet, Jia Sidao’s failed reliefs, and the game-changing counterweight trebuchets from Ilkhanid engineers. With Lu Wenhuan’s surrender in 1273, the road to the Yangzi opens and the fall of the Song begins.

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The Mongol Empire splits as Berke Khan of the Golden Horde fights Hulagu of the Ilkhanate. We cover 1262 to 1266, the Terek River disaster, Nogai’s rise, Abaqa’s counter, and Baybars’ Mamluk alliance that locks in a lasting Golden Horde-Ilkhanate rivalry.

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Mongke Khan dies in 1259 and the empire cracks. We follow Kublai and Ariq Boke’s rival quriltais, the fight for Karakorum’s supplies, the battles at Baski and Shimuultu, Alghu’s swing in the Chagatai realm, Ariq’s surrender in 1264, and how this crisis birthed the Yuan, Ilkhanate, Chagatai, and Golden Horde as separate powers.

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The Mongol invasion of the Song Dynasty (1251-1258), led by Möngke, aimed to exploit the divided defenses of the wealthy and culturally advanced Song in northern China. Prior engagements had resulted in strong resistance due to effective Song military strategies. After being displaced by the Jurchen and Jin Dynasties, the Southern Song sought to reclaim territory but faced financial and political struggles. Möngke's assault initially saw gains but was ultimately thwarted by the harsh climate and resilient defenders. His unexpected death led to disarray within the Mongol forces and a temporary reprieve for the Song, marking a turning point in the conflict amidst civil strife in the Mongol Empire.

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In this episode of The History of the Mongols - After Hülegü’s sack of Baghdad in 1258, the Mongols swept into Syria, taking Aleppo and Damascus. With Egypt next, Qutuz and Baybars marched out to meet Kitbuqa in Galilee at Ayn Jalut in 1260. We track the fall of Aleppo and Damascus, Frankish neutrality at Acre, the Mamluk coalition, and the battle that stopped the Mongol advance toward Cairo.

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In this episode of The History of the Mongols, we cover one of the most infamous events in Islamic history , the 1258 sack of Baghdad by Hülegü Khan. What began as a siege quickly became an annihilation. The great city of learning, once the jewel of the Abbasid Caliphate, was reduced to rubble. The last Caliph was executed. The Tigris ran thick with blood and legend. But this wasn’t just destruction...it was the collapse of an entire world order.

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In this episode of The History of the Mongols, we follow Hülegü Khan’s devastating 1256 campaign to destroy the Nizari Ismaili state, known in the West as the “Order of Assassins.” From the fortress of Alamut to the bloody siege of Maymundiz, this was one of the most calculated and logistically complex operations in Mongol history. We explore the real story behind the Assassins: who they were, how they fought, and why their mountain strongholds terrified rulers across Asia and Europe. With the full weight of Möngke Khan’s empire behind him, Hülegü led an army of over 150,000 across Iran, supported by Chinese engineers, Christian commanders, and rival Mongol factions. This is the untold story of how the Mongols dismantled an entire secretive sect, and why it mattered far beyond the battlefield.

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