As vaccine distribution ramps up across the U.S., and globally, skepticism remains. Many cite the speed at which vaccines have rolled out as one of their main concerns. In this episode we explore how we got here, how the biopharmaceutical industry readied for this very moment that allowed them to move at warp speed. The vice president for science and regulatory advocacy at PhRMA, Jim Mayne, PhD, joins us to explain how the science-based, public-private partnerships aided in the momentum, how the R&D ecosystem has evolved and why he believes the bio-pharmaceutical industry was not caught off guard by the pandemic.