In this episode of OSCE Talk, Peter and Matthew break down atrial fibrillation (AF) — one of the most common and clinically important cardiac arrhythmias you’ll encounter in OSCEs and practice.

We explore what AF is, the different types of atrial fibrillation, and why it significantly increases the risk of stroke. The episode then walks through AF management, including rate vs rhythm control, the role of cardioversion, and how to assess stroke risk using the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score.

To bring it all together, we role-play a doctor–patient counselling scenario, demonstrating how to explain AF, anticoagulation, and treatment options clearly, calmly, and safely — exactly what examiners look for.

This episode is ideal for OSCE stations involving cardiology, chronic disease counselling, anticoagulation, or arrhythmia management.

• What atrial fibrillation is and how it affects heart rhythm

• The three types of AF: paroxysmal, persistent, and permanent

• Why AF significantly increases stroke risk

• How and when to use the CHA₂DS₂-VASc score

• Principles of rate control vs rhythm control

• When anticoagulation is indicated

• How to explain anticoagulation risks and benefits to patients

• What cardioversion involves and how to counsel patients about it

• Common patient concerns and how to address them

• How to structure an OSCE-safe AF counselling station