TIL 1:
Movement in the galaxy and mass extinctions
Throughout the history of this planet there have been a number ofmass extinctions. There are various theories about what has caused this.
I came across one of these recently.
The solar system doesn't orbit the galaxy in parallel with theorientation of the galactic plane. There is a difference in the two
orientations in other words. Sometimes it's in the galactic plane, and
at times it's "above" or "below".
When in the plane the solar system is more protected from gamma raybursts originating in the galaxy than when it's not. The period of
rotation is the Galactic year and is about 225 million years
long.
The thinking is that when less protected perhaps the cosmicradiation has effects on life on Earth. There seems to be a correlation
between these events - gamma ray exposure and extinctions - though there
is no certainty that this is so. Extinctions may have multiple causes,
so the relationship cannot be simple.
I have provided a few links that might give useful leads if you wantto find out more.
TIL 1: Links
Wikipedia:Extinction event
Wikipedia:Galactic plane
Wikipedia:Galactic year
PhysicsStackexchange: What angle does our Solar System make with The Milky
Way?
Wikipedia:Shiva hypothesis
InternationalJournal of Astrobiology: The galactic cycle of
extinction
TIL 2: Which is correct -
ml or mL?
What is the correct abbreviation for millilitre?I watch a YouTube channel about cooking, from Canada. It is Glen and FriendsCooking
The show ends with a recipe, and in some cases the measurements aremetric. Often it's something like 540 mL can of tomatoes.
Having done Chemistry at school and university we were taught theabbreviated form of millilitre is ml, but today I
learnt that mixed case mL is also permitted and is preferred in
the USA, Canada and Australia, while Europe prefers lower case
ml.
It's a similar situation with other fractions and multiples of aLitre such as dl and dL for decilitre and
even for quettalitre (1030 litres) - Ql and
QL.
TIL 2: Links
Glen andFriends Cooking
Wikipedia:SI prefixes applied to the litre
TIL 3: Meibomium glands
These glands are a type of sebaceous gland in the eyelid. Sebaceousglands in general produce secretions to protect the skin and hair. On
the skin they are part of the hair follicle and produce an oily
substance called sebum (from the Latin word for tallow
used to make candles).
The Meibomium glands are found along the edge of the eyelid adjacentto the eyelashes. The oily substance they produce helps to prevent the
eye surface from drying out by mixing with the tears. It also helps the
eyelids to make an airtight seal when the eyes are closed. There are
many functions.
I knew about the Meibomium glands from learning about human anatomyas a student, but didn't know very much about their function.
The glands are named after Heinrich Meibom (1638 – 1700), a Germanphysician and scholar.
I didn't know that the secretions produced by these glands canreduce with age, or the glands can can be blocked, leading to MGD
(Meibomium Gland Dysfunction). I might have this according to
my Optometrist.
I also didn't know that the secretion has a name:meibum.
TIL 3: Links
Wikipedia: Sebaceous glandWikipedia:Meibomium gland
Wikipedia:Heinrich Meibom
Wikipedia:Meibomium Gland Dysfunction