In recent years, vaping has emerged as an alternative to traditional smoking, with e-cigarette devices forming a key part of plans to reduce smoking rates and associated health risks.

Linsey Haswell and Nathan Gale are part of a team that’s set out to measure the nature and extent of toxicant exposure and potential biological effects from e-cigarette use. The team compared clinical measurements from exclusive e-cigarette consumers with smokers assessing the impacts of vaping, and consider the harm reduction potential of e-cigarettes in a shifting consumer landscape.

For more information on the disclaimers and the study please visit BAT.com.

Read their original research in the journal of Internal and Emergency Medicine.